The Athenian Constitution   

There are also ten Commissioners of Games (Athlothetae), elected
by lot, one from each tribe. These officers, after passing an
examination, serve for four years; and they manage the Panathenaic
procession, the contest in music and that in gymnastic, and the
horse-race; they also provide the robe of Athena and, in conjunction
with the Council, the vases, and they present the oil to the
athletes.
This oil is collected from the sacred olives. The Archon
requisitions it from the owners of the farms on which the sacred
olives grow, at the rate of three-quarters of a pint from each
plant. Formerly the state used to sell the fruit itself, and if any
one dug up or broke down one of the sacred olives, he was
tried by the
Council of Areopagus, and if he was condemned, the penalty was
death. Since, however, the oil has been paid by the owner of
the farm,
the procedure has lapsed, though the law remains; and the oil is a
state charge upon the property instead of being taken from the
individual plants. When, then, the Archon has collected the oil for
his year of office, he hands it over to the Treasurers to preserve
in the Acropolis, and he may not take his seat in the Areopagus
until he has paid over to the Treasurers the full amount. The
Treasurers keep it in the Acropolis until the Panathenaea, when they
measure it out to the Commissioners of Games, and they again to the
victorious competitors. The prizes for the victors in the musical
contest consist of silver and gold, for the victors in manly vigour,
of shields, and for the victors in the gymnastic contest and the
horse-race, of oil.

Part 61

All officers connected with military service are elected by open
vote. In the first place, ten Generals (Strategi), who were formerly
elected one from each tribe, but now are chosen from the
whole mass of
citizens. Their duties are assigned to them by open vote; one is
appointed to command the heavy infantry, and leads them if
they go out
to war; one to the defence of the country, who remains on the
defensive, and fights if there is war within the borders of the
country; two to Piraeus, one of whom is assigned to Munichia, and
one to the south shore, and these have charge of the defence of the
Piraeus; and one to superintend the symmories, who nominates the
trierarchs arranges exchanges of properties for them, and brings up
actions to decide on rival claims in connexion with them.
The rest are
dispatched to whatever business may be on hand at the moment. The
appointment of these officers is submitted for confirmation in each
prytany, when the question is put whether they are considered to be
doing their duty. If any officer is rejected on this vote,
he is tried
in the lawcourt, and if he is found guilty the people decide what
punishment or fine shall be inflicted on him; but if he is acquitted
he resumes his office. The Generals have full power, when on active
service, to arrest any one for insubordination, or to cashier him
publicly, or to inflict a fine; the latter is, however, unusual.
There are also ten Taxiarchs, one from each tribe, elected by open
vote; and each commands his own tribesmen and appoints captains of
companies (Lochagi). There are also two Hipparchs, elected by open
vote from the whole mass of the citizens, who command the cavalry,
each taking five tribes. They have the same powers as the Generals
have in respect of the infantry, and their appointments are also
subject to confirmation. There are also ten Phylarchs,
elected by open